Background:
Implant stability is one of the principal factors in the clinical success of implant therapy. Research has shown that one of the major causes of falilures in osseointegration is excessive micromovements, althought to date, there is no clinical available method for measuring micromovements. Tridimensional Digital Image Correlation (3D DIC) method is a non-contact optical measurement system that uses the digital image of two high speed photographic cameras and the principles of optics to track an object's surface contour displacement full-field in a series of images. 3D DIC uses then a matching advanced algorithm that allows determining translation, rotation and deformation in a series of images with relation to a reference image. 3D DIC has been used to measure implant micro-movements in vitro, and despite not being a clinical method, it should be capable of direct objective implant micro-movement measuring, useful for clinical studies.
Aim/Hypothesis:
The primary objective of this study was to use a 3D DIC method for clinical full-field tridimensional surface micromovements measurement of endosseous implants. Secondarily, this work aimed to understand the influence of different factors in the occurrence of micromovements, particularly the change in the prosthetic abutments geometry (Standard [SD] and Platform-Switching [PS]).
Material and Methods:
In this study 32 endosseous implants (Camlog Biotechnologies®, Wimsheim, Germany) inserted in rehabilitated patients with two or more adjacent dental implants in the lower posterior jaw, and with two different abutments SD (N=18) and PS (N=14), were used. Micromovement measurements were performed by 3D DIC with two high speed photographic cameras and the video correlation system Vic-3D 2010 (Correlated Solutions®, Columbia, USA), after the application of a bite load of more than 30N, measured with a miniature compression loading cell (Applied Measurements Ltd., Berkshire, UK) and the system design software LabVIEW 2010 (National Instruments®, Texas, USA). Implants were restored using single unit crowns. Implant stability was also measured clinically in ISQ (Implant Stability Quotient) using the Osstell® ISQ (Osstell® ISQ Integration Diagnostic, Sweden). The results were statistically analyzed with the software IBM SPSS® Statistics 20.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA).
Results:
The results obtained seem to be correlated with the ISQ values indirectly measured by RFA (RessonanceFrequencyAnalysis) with the Osstell® ISQ. The absolute displacement (R) was higher for the PS (14,783±6,694) group compared to SD (11,319±7,400) group, although no statistically significant differences were found between the two groups of platforms, PS and SD. The paired analysis of the values of U, V and W demonstrates that there is a statistically significant difference between the three directions of displacement. For PS platform, the difference was only for the pair of directions W and V (p=0.018). For SD platform the offset W is statistically higher than in any other displacement directions (U:p=0.001 V:p<0.01). Regardless the platform, the results confirmed that the displacement in the direction W is statistically superior to the displacements in directions U (p<0.01) and V (p<0.01).No other statistically significant correlation were found (to load level, bone level or bone type).
Conclusions and clinical implications:
In conclusion, within the limitations of this study, 3D DIC method is capable to measure dental implants micro-movements, although not being a clinical method. Results obtained show correlation with the RFA system, and Prosthetic abutment geometry did not influence the occurrence of micromovements. In the future, this could be a revolutionary system in assessing objectively and directly implant stability in any time of treatment with only a digital intra-oral 3d camera and correlation software.
Background:
Implant stability is one of the principal factors in the clinical success of implant therapy. Research has shown that one of the major causes of falilures in osseointegration is excessive micromovements, althought to date, there is no clinical available method for measuring micromovements. Tridimensional Digital Image Correlation (3D DIC) method is a non-contact optical measurement system that uses the digital image of two high speed photographic cameras and the principles of optics to track an object's surface contour displacement full-field in a series of images. 3D DIC uses then a matching advanced algorithm that allows determining translation, rotation and deformation in a series of images with relation to a reference image. 3D DIC has been used to measure implant micro-movements in vitro, and despite not being a clinical method, it should be capable of direct objective implant micro-movement measuring, useful for clinical studies.
Aim/Hypothesis:
The primary objective of this study was to use a 3D DIC method for clinical full-field tridimensional surface micromovements measurement of endosseous implants. Secondarily, this work aimed to understand the influence of different factors in the occurrence of micromovements, particularly the change in the prosthetic abutments geometry (Standard [SD] and Platform-Switching [PS]).
Material and Methods:
In this study 32 endosseous implants (Camlog Biotechnologies®, Wimsheim, Germany) inserted in rehabilitated patients with two or more adjacent dental implants in the lower posterior jaw, and with two different abutments SD (N=18) and PS (N=14), were used. Micromovement measurements were performed by 3D DIC with two high speed photographic cameras and the video correlation system Vic-3D 2010 (Correlated Solutions®, Columbia, USA), after the application of a bite load of more than 30N, measured with a miniature compression loading cell (Applied Measurements Ltd., Berkshire, UK) and the system design software LabVIEW 2010 (National Instruments®, Texas, USA). Implants were restored using single unit crowns. Implant stability was also measured clinically in ISQ (Implant Stability Quotient) using the Osstell® ISQ (Osstell® ISQ Integration Diagnostic, Sweden). The results were statistically analyzed with the software IBM SPSS® Statistics 20.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA).
Results:
The results obtained seem to be correlated with the ISQ values indirectly measured by RFA (RessonanceFrequencyAnalysis) with the Osstell® ISQ. The absolute displacement (R) was higher for the PS (14,783±6,694) group compared to SD (11,319±7,400) group, although no statistically significant differences were found between the two groups of platforms, PS and SD. The paired analysis of the values of U, V and W demonstrates that there is a statistically significant difference between the three directions of displacement. For PS platform, the difference was only for the pair of directions W and V (p=0.018). For SD platform the offset W is statistically higher than in any other displacement directions (U:p=0.001 V:p<0.01). Regardless the platform, the results confirmed that the displacement in the direction W is statistically superior to the displacements in directions U (p<0.01) and V (p<0.01).No other statistically significant correlation were found (to load level, bone level or bone type).
Conclusions and clinical implications:
In conclusion, within the limitations of this study, 3D DIC method is capable to measure dental implants micro-movements, although not being a clinical method. Results obtained show correlation with the RFA system, and Prosthetic abutment geometry did not influence the occurrence of micromovements. In the future, this could be a revolutionary system in assessing objectively and directly implant stability in any time of treatment with only a digital intra-oral 3d camera and correlation software.
Background:
Implant stability is one of the principal factors in the clinical success of implant therapy. Research has shown that one of the major causes of falilures in osseointegration is excessive micromovements, althought to date, there is no clinical available method for measuring micromovements. Tridimensional Digital Image Correlation (3D DIC) method is a non-contact optical measurement system that uses the digital image of two high speed photographic cameras and the principles of optics to track an object's surface contour displacement full-field in a series of images. 3D DIC uses then a matching advanced algorithm that allows determining translation, rotation and deformation in a series of images with relation to a reference image. 3D DIC has been used to measure implant micro-movements in vitro, and despite not being a clinical method, it should be capable of direct objective implant micro-movement measuring, useful for clinical studies.
Aim/Hypothesis:
The primary objective of this study was to use a 3D DIC method for clinical full-field tridimensional surface micromovements measurement of endosseous implants. Secondarily, this work aimed to understand the influence of different factors in the occurrence of micromovements, particularly the change in the prosthetic abutments geometry (Standard [SD] and Platform-Switching [PS]).
Material and Methods:
In this study 32 endosseous implants (Camlog Biotechnologies®, Wimsheim, Germany) inserted in rehabilitated patients with two or more adjacent dental implants in the lower posterior jaw, and with two different abutments SD (N=18) and PS (N=14), were used. Micromovement measurements were performed by 3D DIC with two high speed photographic cameras and the video correlation system Vic-3D 2010 (Correlated Solutions®, Columbia, USA), after the application of a bite load of more than 30N, measured with a miniature compression loading cell (Applied Measurements Ltd., Berkshire, UK) and the system design software LabVIEW 2010 (National Instruments®, Texas, USA). Implants were restored using single unit crowns. Implant stability was also measured clinically in ISQ (Implant Stability Quotient) using the Osstell® ISQ (Osstell® ISQ Integration Diagnostic, Sweden). The results were statistically analyzed with the software IBM SPSS® Statistics 20.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA).
Results:
The results obtained seem to be correlated with the ISQ values indirectly measured by RFA (RessonanceFrequencyAnalysis) with the Osstell® ISQ. The absolute displacement (R) was higher for the PS (14,783±6,694) group compared to SD (11,319±7,400) group, although no statistically significant differences were found between the two groups of platforms, PS and SD. The paired analysis of the values of U, V and W demonstrates that there is a statistically significant difference between the three directions of displacement. For PS platform, the difference was only for the pair of directions W and V (p=0.018). For SD platform the offset W is statistically higher than in any other displacement directions (U:p=0.001 V:p<0.01). Regardless the platform, the results confirmed that the displacement in the direction W is statistically superior to the displacements in directions U (p<0.01) and V (p<0.01).No other statistically significant correlation were found (to load level, bone level or bone type).
Conclusions and clinical implications:
In conclusion, within the limitations of this study, 3D DIC method is capable to measure dental implants micro-movements, although not being a clinical method. Results obtained show correlation with the RFA system, and Prosthetic abutment geometry did not influence the occurrence of micromovements. In the future, this could be a revolutionary system in assessing objectively and directly implant stability in any time of treatment with only a digital intra-oral 3d camera and correlation software.
Background:
Implant stability is one of the principal factors in the clinical success of implant therapy. Research has shown that one of the major causes of falilures in osseointegration is excessive micromovements, althought to date, there is no clinical available method for measuring micromovements. Tridimensional Digital Image Correlation (3D DIC) method is a non-contact optical measurement system that uses the digital image of two high speed photographic cameras and the principles of optics to track an object's surface contour displacement full-field in a series of images. 3D DIC uses then a matching advanced algorithm that allows determining translation, rotation and deformation in a series of images with relation to a reference image. 3D DIC has been used to measure implant micro-movements in vitro, and despite not being a clinical method, it should be capable of direct objective implant micro-movement measuring, useful for clinical studies.
Aim/Hypothesis:
The primary objective of this study was to use a 3D DIC method for clinical full-field tridimensional surface micromovements measurement of endosseous implants. Secondarily, this work aimed to understand the influence of different factors in the occurrence of micromovements, particularly the change in the prosthetic abutments geometry (Standard [SD] and Platform-Switching [PS]).
Material and Methods:
In this study 32 endosseous implants (Camlog Biotechnologies®, Wimsheim, Germany) inserted in rehabilitated patients with two or more adjacent dental implants in the lower posterior jaw, and with two different abutments SD (N=18) and PS (N=14), were used. Micromovement measurements were performed by 3D DIC with two high speed photographic cameras and the video correlation system Vic-3D 2010 (Correlated Solutions®, Columbia, USA), after the application of a bite load of more than 30N, measured with a miniature compression loading cell (Applied Measurements Ltd., Berkshire, UK) and the system design software LabVIEW 2010 (National Instruments®, Texas, USA). Implants were restored using single unit crowns. Implant stability was also measured clinically in ISQ (Implant Stability Quotient) using the Osstell® ISQ (Osstell® ISQ Integration Diagnostic, Sweden). The results were statistically analyzed with the software IBM SPSS® Statistics 20.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA).
Results:
The results obtained seem to be correlated with the ISQ values indirectly measured by RFA (RessonanceFrequencyAnalysis) with the Osstell® ISQ. The absolute displacement (R) was higher for the PS (14,783±6,694) group compared to SD (11,319±7,400) group, although no statistically significant differences were found between the two groups of platforms, PS and SD. The paired analysis of the values of U, V and W demonstrates that there is a statistically significant difference between the three directions of displacement. For PS platform, the difference was only for the pair of directions W and V (p=0.018). For SD platform the offset W is statistically higher than in any other displacement directions (U:p=0.001 V:p<0.01). Regardless the platform, the results confirmed that the displacement in the direction W is statistically superior to the displacements in directions U (p<0.01) and V (p<0.01).No other statistically significant correlation were found (to load level, bone level or bone type).
Conclusions and clinical implications:
In conclusion, within the limitations of this study, 3D DIC method is capable to measure dental implants micro-movements, although not being a clinical method. Results obtained show correlation with the RFA system, and Prosthetic abutment geometry did not influence the occurrence of micromovements. In the future, this could be a revolutionary system in assessing objectively and directly implant stability in any time of treatment with only a digital intra-oral 3d camera and correlation software.