Background
In dental implant therapy, the adequate state of peri-implant tissue health and soft tissue aesthetics, is the essential criterion of restorative success. The need of keratinized mucosa for the maintenance of peri-implant health and soft tissue integration remains a debated issue. This is the reason why many clinicians turn to several surgical approaches in order to increase the peri-implant keratinized mucosa width.
Aim/Hypothesis
The purpose of this poster is to provide a review of the literature evidence concerning the significance of keratinized mucosa on implant health and thus help the clinician to decide if any further surgical approaches aiming at increasing the keratinized mucosa width are necessary. Clinical implant cases with inadequate width of keratinized mucosa, treated with different approaches, are also being presented.
Material and Methods
An electronic search of five databases and a hand search of peer-reviewed journals for relevant articles were performed up to January 2016. The keywords used were the following: gingiva, peri-implantitis, review, dental implants, gingival recession. Screening titles, abstracts and more importantly full texts included only English-language publications. Clinical implant cases with inadequate width (<2mm) of keratinized mucosa are being presented. Depending on the dental and medical history and the patients’ expectations, different surgical approaches were performed in each case.
Results
Evidence in support of the need for keratinized tissues around implants to maintain health and tissue stability is limited. Reduced keratinized mucosa width around implants appears to be associated with clinical parameters indicative of inflammation and poor oral hygiene. However, based on the selected evidence, the predictive value of keratinized mucosa width is limited. The presence of an adequate zone of keratinized tissue may be necessary, because it was shown to be related to better peri-implant tissue health. Based on current available evidence, a lack of adequate keratinized mucosa around dental implants is associated with more plaque accumulation, tissue inflammation, mucosal recession and attachment loss.
Conclusions and clinical implications
Implants that are not surrounded by keratinized tissues are more prone to plaque accumulation and gingival recession, even in patients applying sufficient oral hygiene and receiving adequate supporting periodontal therapy. That is the reason why in selected cases, additional surgical soft tissue manipulations may be neccesary. The decision to increase or not the width of keratinized tissue around dental implants might be individualized based on site and patients’ needs.
Background
In dental implant therapy, the adequate state of peri-implant tissue health and soft tissue aesthetics, is the essential criterion of restorative success. The need of keratinized mucosa for the maintenance of peri-implant health and soft tissue integration remains a debated issue. This is the reason why many clinicians turn to several surgical approaches in order to increase the peri-implant keratinized mucosa width.
Aim/Hypothesis
The purpose of this poster is to provide a review of the literature evidence concerning the significance of keratinized mucosa on implant health and thus help the clinician to decide if any further surgical approaches aiming at increasing the keratinized mucosa width are necessary. Clinical implant cases with inadequate width of keratinized mucosa, treated with different approaches, are also being presented.
Material and Methods
An electronic search of five databases and a hand search of peer-reviewed journals for relevant articles were performed up to January 2016. The keywords used were the following: gingiva, peri-implantitis, review, dental implants, gingival recession. Screening titles, abstracts and more importantly full texts included only English-language publications. Clinical implant cases with inadequate width (<2mm) of keratinized mucosa are being presented. Depending on the dental and medical history and the patients’ expectations, different surgical approaches were performed in each case.
Results
Evidence in support of the need for keratinized tissues around implants to maintain health and tissue stability is limited. Reduced keratinized mucosa width around implants appears to be associated with clinical parameters indicative of inflammation and poor oral hygiene. However, based on the selected evidence, the predictive value of keratinized mucosa width is limited. The presence of an adequate zone of keratinized tissue may be necessary, because it was shown to be related to better peri-implant tissue health. Based on current available evidence, a lack of adequate keratinized mucosa around dental implants is associated with more plaque accumulation, tissue inflammation, mucosal recession and attachment loss.
Conclusions and clinical implications
Implants that are not surrounded by keratinized tissues are more prone to plaque accumulation and gingival recession, even in patients applying sufficient oral hygiene and receiving adequate supporting periodontal therapy. That is the reason why in selected cases, additional surgical soft tissue manipulations may be neccesary. The decision to increase or not the width of keratinized tissue around dental implants might be individualized based on site and patients’ needs.